Frequently
asked questions about Canadian Citizenship.
Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) allows a
permanent resident to apply for Canadian citizenship after he or she has been a
physical resident of Canada for three years (1,095 days) out of the five years
immediately preceding the application for citizenship. Where exceptional
circumstances exist, however, someone may be allowed to apply even if he or she
has not been physically resident in Canada for the required 1,095 days. The
requirement to be physically present in Canada for 1,095 days does not apply to
children under the age of 18.
What are some advantages of obtaining Canadian
citizenship?
Unlike Canadian permanent residents, Canadian citizens have
no residency obligations. Canadian citizens cannot lose their status unless it
was obtained through material misrepresentation.Canadian citizens also receive
Canadian passports and are entitled to vote in federal, provincial, and municipal
elections.
Will time spent in Canada before becoming a permanent
resident count towards a citizenship application?
Canadian law dictates that applicants must
be physically present in Canada as permanent residents for 1,095
days within the five (5) years immediately before applying for citizenship. Only
the five years preceding the date of the application are taken into account.
Within that five-year period:
- Every
day spent in Canada as a permanent resident counts as a full day.
- Every
day spent in Canada before becoming a permanent resident as a temporary
resident or protected person counts as a half-day towards meeting the
physical presence requirement for citizenship, up to a maximum credit of
365 days.
- If
the applicant became a permanent resident less than five years ago, the
calculation period starts on the date that he or she became a permanent
resident.
- Time
spent serving a sentence in Canada does not count towards the physical
presence requirement (i.e. time spent in prison, penitentiary, jail,
reformatory, probation, and/or on parole cannot be counted as physical
presence).
A child must be a permanent resident of Canada to become a
citizen. The physical presence requirement of 1,095 days does not apply to
children under the age of 18. In order to apply for citizenship for a child
under the age of 18, one of the child's parents must already be a Canadian
citizen, or must apply for citizenship at the same time. This applies to adoptive
children as well.
Does Canada recognize dual citizenship?
Since 1977, Canada has permitted its citizens to hold dual or multi citizenship.
As a result, Canadian citizens will not lose their Canadian citizenship if they
retain their former nationality or become citizens of another country. Many
other countries, including the United States, also recognize dual
citizenship.It is advised that a permanent resident intending to become a
Canadian citizen verifies whether the country of his or her current nationality
permits dual citizenship.
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